Alexandru Şoltoianu (b. 1934) was a Moldovan activist and a political prisoner in the former Soviet Union. He graduated at Moscow State Institute of International Relations in 1965 and became a lecturer in Oriental studies at the Moldova State University in Chişinău.
In the 1960s and early 1970s he militated for the union of Moldavian SSR with the Socialist Republic of Romania. Between 1969 and 1971, he was a founder of a clandestine National Patriotic Front of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, established by several young intellectuals in Chişinău, totaling over 100 members, vowing to fight for the establishment of a Moldavian Democratic Republic, its secession from the Soviet Union and union with Romania.
In December 1971, following an informative note from Ion Stănescu, the President of the Romanian Council of State Security, to Yuri Andropov, the chief of KGB, Alexandru Şoltoianu as well as Alexandru Usatiuc-Bulgăr, Valeriu Graur, and Gheorghe Ghimpu were arrested and later sentenced to long prison terms.
Alexandru Şoltoianu was sentenced in 1972 for his activity as leader of the National Patriotic Front. He was incarcerated in a prison camp in Mordovia, 400 mi (640 km) southeast of Moscow, notorious for its Soviet Gulag. In the same prison camp was incarcerated Gheorghe Ghimpu.
Alexandru Şoltoianu was released only in January 1988.
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